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| page last updated on October 22, 2012 |
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(CONTAINS DESCRIPTION)
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| Introduction ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Carib Indians occupied the islands for hundreds of years before the British began settlement in 1623. The islands became an associated state of the UK with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis continues in its efforts to separate from Saint Kitts.
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| Geography ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
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17 20 N, 62 45 W
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total: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
country comparison to the world: 212
land:
261 sq km
water:
0 sq km
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one and a half times the size of Washington, DC
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0 km
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135 km
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territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone:
24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
continental shelf:
200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
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tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
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volcanic with mountainous interiors
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lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point:
Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m
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arable land
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arable land: 19.44%
permanent crops:
2.78%
other:
77.78% (2005)
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0.2 sq km
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0.02 cu km (2000)
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hurricanes (July to October)
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NA
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
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with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a 3-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island
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| People ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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noun: Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)
adjective:
Kittitian, Nevisian
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predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese
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English (official)
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Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
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50,726 (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 209
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0-14 years: 22.3% (male 5,657/ female 5,673)
15-64 years:
70% (male 17,961/ female 17,549)
65 years and over:
7.7% (male 1,721/ female 2,165) (2012 est.)
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total: 32.6 years
male:
32.6 years
female:
32.5 years (2012 est.)
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0.806% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
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13.9 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
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7.08 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
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1.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
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urban population: 32% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization:
1.8% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
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BASSETERRE (capital) 13,000 (2009)
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at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female
total population:
1 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
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total: 9.43 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 150
male:
6.28 deaths/1,000 live births
female:
12.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
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total population: 74.84 years
country comparison to the world: 96
male:
72.46 years
female:
77.26 years (2012 est.)
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1.79 children born/woman (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
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6% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 107
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1.095 physicians/1,000 population (2000)
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6 beds/1,000 population (2009)
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NA
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NA
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NA
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9.6% of GDP (2005)
country comparison to the world: 6
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definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population:
97.8%
male:
NA
female:
NA (2003 est.)
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total: 13 years
male:
12 years
female:
13 years (2008)
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| Government ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
conventional short form:
Saint Kitts and Nevis
former:
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
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parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
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name: Basseterre
geographic coordinates:
17 18 N, 62 43 W
time difference:
UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
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14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
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19 September 1983 (from the UK)
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Independence Day, 19 September (1983)
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19 September 1983
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English common law
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has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
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18 years of age; universal
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996)
head of government:
Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995); Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)
cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister
(For more information visit the World Leaders website )
elections:
the monarchy is hereditary; the governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
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unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)
elections:
last held on 25 January 2010 (next to be held by 2015)
election results:
percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SKNLP 6, CCM 2, PAM 2, NRP 1
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Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (consisting of a Court of Appeal and a High Court; based on Saint Lucia; two judges of the Supreme Court reside in Saint Kitts and Nevis); member of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ)
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Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsay GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]
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NA
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ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
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chief of mission: Ambassador Jacinth HENRY-MARTIN
chancery:
3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016
telephone:
[1] (202) 686-2636
FAX:
[1] (202) 686-5740
consulate(s) general:
New York
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the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis
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divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red; green signifies the island's fertility, red symbolizes the struggles of the people from slavery, yellow denotes year-round sunshine, and black represents the African heritage of the people; the white stars stand for the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis, but can also express hope and liberty, or independence and optimism
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brown pelican
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name: "Oh Land of Beauty!"
lyrics/music:
Kenrick Anderson GEORGES
note:
adopted 1983
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| Economy ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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The economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis depends on tourism; since the 1970s tourism has replaced sugar as the traditional mainstay of the economy. Following the 2005 harvest, the government closed the sugar industry, after several decades of losses. To compensate for lost jobs, the government has embarked on a program to diversify the agricultural sector and to stimulate other sectors of the economy, such as export-oriented manufacturing and offshore banking. Roughly 200,000 tourists visited the islands in 2009, but reduced tourism arrivals and foreign investment led to an economic contraction in 2009 and 2010. Like other tourist destinations in the Caribbean, St. Kitts and Nevis is vulnerable to damage from natural disasters and shifts in tourism demand. A mild recovery began in 2011. The current government is constrained by one of the world's highest public debt burdens -equivalent to roughly 200% of GDP in 2011 - largely attributable to public enterprise losses.
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$886.2 million (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 206
$905.1 million (2010 est.)
$930.2 million (2009 est.)
note:
data are in 2011 US dollars
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$715 million (2011 est.)
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-2% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 210
-2.7% (2010 est.)
-5.6% (2009 est.)
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$15,800 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
$16,400 (2010 est.)
$17,200 (2009 est.)
note:
data are in 2011 US dollars
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agriculture: 2.4%
industry:
22.8%
services:
74.7% (2011 est.)
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18,170 (June 1995)
country comparison to the world: 210
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4.5% (1997)
country comparison to the world: 46
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NA%
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%:
NA%
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revenues: $185.2 million
expenditures:
$222.2 million (2011 est.)
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25.9% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
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-5.2% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 165
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200% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 3
185% of GDP (2009 est.)
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3.8% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
0.5% (2010 est.)
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6.5% (31 December 2009)
country comparison to the world: 54
6.5% (31 December 2008)
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8.84% (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
8.625% (31 December 2010 est.)
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$317.5 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 172
$145 million (31 December 2010 est.)
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$964.1 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
$823.8 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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$860 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
$885.2 million (31 December 2010 est.)
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$598.4 million (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 110
$623.9 million (31 December 2010)
$648 million (31 December 2009)
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sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish
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tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages
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NA%
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-$133.8 million (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
-$114.6 million (2010 est.)
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$58.6 million (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 196
$78.76 million (2010 est.)
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machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco
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US 57.8%, Canada 9.8%, Russia 5.2%, Germany 4.2% (2011)
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$315.7 million (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 197
$235.9 million (2010 est.)
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machinery, manufactures, food, fuels
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US 37.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 20.4%, Barbados 4.8% (2011)
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$199.1 million (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
$202.7 million (31 December 2010 est.)
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East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
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calendar year
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| Energy ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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135 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
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125.6 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
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0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
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0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 128
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22,000 kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 195
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100% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 36
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 172
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 195
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0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
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0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
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0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
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0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 117
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0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 182
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
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1,496 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 196
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0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
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1,699 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 186
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
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0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
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0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
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303,500 Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
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| Communications ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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20,600 (2010)
country comparison to the world: 190
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84,600 (2010)
country comparison to the world: 195
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general assessment: good interisland and international connections
domestic:
interisland links via Eastern Caribbean Fiber Optic cable; construction of enhanced wireless infrastructure launched in November 2004; fixed-line teledensity about 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons
international:
country code - 1-869; connected internationally by the East Caribbean Fiber Optic System (ECFS) and Southern Caribbean fiber optic system (SCF) submarine cables
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the government operates a national TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription services provide access to local and international channels; the government operates a national radio network; a mix of government-owned and privately-owned broadcasters operate roughly 15 radio stations (2007)
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.kn
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52 (2010)
country comparison to the world: 213
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17,000 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 196
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| Transportation ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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2 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 209
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total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m:
1
914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2012)
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total: 50 km
country comparison to the world: 131
narrow gauge:
50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts for tourists (2008)
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total: 383 km
country comparison to the world: 200
paved:
163 km
unpaved:
220 km (2002)
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total: 152
country comparison to the world: 38
by type:
bulk carrier 16, cargo 81, chemical tanker 4, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, liquefied gas 3, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker 27, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 4, specialized tanker 1
foreign-owned:
73 (Belgium 1, China 1, Egypt 1, Greece 2, India 2, Japan 2, Malaysia 1, Norway 3, Pakistan 1, Russia 13, Singapore 10, Turkey 18, UAE 8, UK 1, Ukraine 8, US 1) (2010)
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Basseterre, Charlestown
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| Military ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (includes Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force; for national security, Saint Kitts and Nevis relies on the Regional Security System, headquartered in Barbados (2010)
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18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2012)
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males age 16-49: 13,506
females age 16-49:
13,089 (2010 est.)
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males age 16-49: 10,742
females age 16-49:
10,923 (2010 est.)
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male: 380
female:
422 (2010 est.)
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NA
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| Transnational Issues ::Saint Kitts and Nevis |
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joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
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transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity
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