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Field Listing :: Ethnic groups

This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population.

Country	Ethnic groups(%)


Afghanistan	Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baloch 2%, other 4%


Albania	Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Serb, Macedonian, Bulgarian) (1989 est.) note: in 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization)

Algeria

Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%
note: although almost all Algerians are Berber in origin (not Arab), only a minority identify themselves as Berber, about 15% of the total population; these people live mostly in the mountainous region of Kabylie east of Algiers; the Berbers are also Muslim but identify with their Berber rather than Arab cultural heritage; Berbers have long agitated, sometimes violently, for autonomy; the government is unlikely to grant autonomy but has offered to begin sponsoring teaching Berber language in schools


American Samoa	native Pacific islander 91.6%, Asian 2.8%, white 1.1%, mixed 4.2%, other 0.3% (2000 census)


Andorra	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)


Angola	Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%


Anguilla	black (predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%, other 1.5% (2001 census)


Antigua and Barbuda	black 91%, mixed 4.4%, white 1.7%, other 2.9% (2001 census)


Argentina	white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3%


Armenia	Armenian 97.9%, Yezidi (Kurd) 1.3%, Russian 0.5%, other 0.3% (2001 census)


Aruba	mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%, other 20%


Australia	white 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1%


Austria	Austrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001 census)


Azerbaijan	Azeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9% (1999 census) note: almost all Armenians live in the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region


Bahamas, The	black 85%, white 12%, Asian and Hispanic 3%


Bahrain	Bahraini 46%, non-Bahraini 54% (2010 census)


Bangladesh	Bengali 98%, other 2% (includes tribal groups, non-Bengali Muslims) (1998)


Barbados	black 93%, white 3.2%, mixed 2.6%, East Indian 1%, other 0.2% (2000 census)


Belarus	Belarusian 83.7%, Russian 8.3%, Polish 3.1%, Ukrainian 1.7%, other 3.2% (2009 census)


Belgium	Fleming 58%, Walloon 31%, mixed or other 11%


Belize	mestizo 48.7%, Creole 24.9%, Maya 10.6%, Garifuna 6.1%, other 9.7% (2000 census)


Benin	Fon and related 39.2%, Adja and related 15.2%, Yoruba and related 12.3%, Bariba and related 9.2%, Peulh and related 7%, Ottamari and related 6.1%, Yoa-Lokpa and related 4%, Dendi and related 2.5%, other 1.6% (includes Europeans), unspecified 2.9% (2002 census)


Bermuda	black 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)


Bhutan	Bhote 50%, ethnic Nepalese 35% (includes Lhotsampas - one of several Nepalese ethnic groups), indigenous or migrant tribes 15%


Bolivia	Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15%


Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bosniak 48%, Serb 37.1%, Croat 14.3%, other 0.6% (2000) note: Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim - an adherent of Islam


Botswana	Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%


Brazil	white 53.7%, mulatto (mixed white and black) 38.5%, black 6.2%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 0.9%, unspecified 0.7% (2000 census)


British Virgin Islands	black 82%, white 6.8%, other 11.2% (includes Indian and mixed) (2008)


Brunei	Malay 66.3%, Chinese 11.2%, indigenous 3.4%, other 19.1% (2004 est.)


Bulgaria	Bulgarian 76.9%, Turk 8%, Roma 4.4%, other 0.7% (including Macedonian, Armenian, Tatar, Circassian), other (unknown) 10% (2011 census)


Burkina Faso	Mossi over 40%, other approximately 60% (includes Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, and Fulani)


Burma	Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Indian 2%, Mon 2%, other 5%


Burundi	Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000


Cambodia	Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%


Cameroon	Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%


Canada	British Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, Amerindian 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26%


Cape Verde	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%


Cayman Islands	mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%


Central African Republic	Baya 33%, Banda 27%, Mandjia 13%, Sara 10%, Mboum 7%, M'Baka 4%, Yakoma 4%, other 2%


Chad	Sara 27.7%, Arab 12.3%, Mayo-Kebbi 11.5%, Kanem-Bornou 9%, Ouaddai 8.7%, Hadjarai 6.7%, Tandjile 6.5%, Gorane 6.3%, Fitri-Batha 4.7%, other 6.4%, unknown 0.3% (1993 census)


Chile	white and white-Amerindian 95.4%, Mapuche 4%, other indigenous groups 0.6% (2002 census)


China	Han Chinese 91.5%, Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uighur, Tujia, Yi, Mongol, Tibetan, Buyi, Dong, Yao, Korean, and other nationalities 8.5% (2000 census)


Christmas Island	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)


Cocos (Keeling) Islands	Europeans, Cocos Malays


Colombia	mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1%


Comoros	Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava


Congo, Democratic Republic of the	over 200 African ethnic groups of which the majority are Bantu; the four largest tribes - Mongo, Luba, Kongo (all Bantu), and the Mangbetu-Azande (Hamitic) make up about 45% of the population


Congo, Republic of the	Kongo 48%, Sangha 20%, M'Bochi 12%, Teke 17%, Europeans and other 3%


Cook Islands	Cook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census)


Costa Rica	white (including mestizo) 94%, black 3%, Amerindian 1%, Chinese 1%, other 1%


Cote d'Ivoire	Akan 42.1%, Voltaiques or Gur 17.6%, Northern Mandes 16.5%, Krous 11%, Southern Mandes 10%, other 2.8% (includes 130,000 Lebanese and 14,000 French) (1998)


Croatia	Croat 89.6%, Serb 4.5%, other 5.9% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma) (2001 census)


Cuba	white 65.1%, mulatto and mestizo 24.8%, black 10.1% (2002 census)


Cyprus	Greek 77%, Turkish 18%, other 5% (2001)


Czech Republic	Czech 90.4%, Moravian 3.7%, Slovak 1.9%, other 4% (2001 census)


Denmark	Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali


Djibouti	Somali 60%, Afar 35%, other 5% (includes French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian)


Dominica	black 86.8%, mixed 8.9%, Carib Amerindian 2.9%, white 0.8%, other 0.7% (2001 census)


Dominican Republic	mixed 73%, white 16%, black 11%


Ecuador	mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 65%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish and others 7%, black 3%


Egypt	Egyptian 99.6%, other 0.4% (2006 census)


El Salvador	mestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1%


Equatorial Guinea	Fang 85.7%, Bubi 6.5%, Mdowe 3.6%, Annobon 1.6%, Bujeba 1.1%, other 1.4% (1994 census)


Eritrea	nine recognized ethnic groups: Tigrinya 55%, Tigre 30%, Saho 4%, Kunama 2%, Rashaida 2%, Bilen 2%, other (Afar, Beni Amir, Nera) 5% (2010 est.)


Estonia	Estonian 68.7%, Russian 25.6%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Belarusian 1.2%, Finn 0.8%, other 1.6% (2008 census)


Ethiopia	Oromo 34.5%, Amara 26.9%, Somalie 6.2%, Tigraway 6.1%, Sidama 4%, Guragie 2.5%, Welaita 2.3%, Hadiya 1.7%, Affar 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, other 11.3% (2007 Census)


Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	British


Faroe Islands	Scandinavian


Fiji	Fijian 57.3% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 37.6%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 3.9% (European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 census)


Finland	Finn 93.4%, Swede 5.6%, Russian 0.5%, Estonian 0.3%, Roma (Gypsy) 0.1%, Sami 0.1% (2006)


France	Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities overseas departments: black, white, mulatto, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian


French Polynesia	Polynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4%


Gabon	Bantu tribes, including four major tribal groupings (Fang, Bapounou, Nzebi, Obamba); other Africans and Europeans, 154,000, including 10,700 French and 11,000 persons of dual nationality


Gambia, The	African 99% (Mandinka 42%, Fula 18%, Wolof 16%, Jola 10%, Serahuli 9%, other 4%), non-African 1% (2003 census)


Gaza Strip	Palestinian Arab


Georgia	Georgian 83.8%, Azeri 6.5%, Armenian 5.7%, Russian 1.5%, other 2.5% (2002 census)


Germany	German 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish)


Ghana	Akan 45.3%, Mole-Dagbon 15.2%, Ewe 11.7%, Ga-Dangme 7.3%, Guan 4%, Gurma 3.6%, Grusi 2.6%, Mande-Busanga 1%, other tribes 1.4%, other 7.8% (2000 census)


Gibraltar	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans


Greece	population: Greek 93%, other (foreign citizens) 7% (2001 census) note: percents represent citizenship, since Greece does not collect data on ethnicity


Greenland	Inuit 89%, Danish and other 11% (2009)


Grenada	black 82%, mixed black and European 13%, European and East Indian 5%, and trace of Arawak/Carib Amerindian


Guam	Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census)


Guatemala	Mestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish - in local Spanish called Ladino) and European 59.4%, K'iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q'eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1% (2001 census)


Guernsey	British and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries


Guinea	Peuhl 40%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, smaller ethnic groups 10%


Guinea-Bissau	African 99% (includes Balanta 30%, Fula 20%, Manjaca 14%, Mandinga 13%, Papel 7%), European and mulatto less than 1%


Guyana	East Indian 43.5%, black (African) 30.2%, mixed 16.7%, Amerindian 9.1%, other 0.5% (2002 census)


Haiti	black 95%, mulatto and white 5%


Holy See (Vatican City)	Italians, Swiss, other


Honduras	mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, black 2%, white 1%


Hong Kong	Chinese 95%, Filipino 1.6%, Indonesian 1.3%, other 2.1% (2006 census)


Hungary	Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001 census)


Iceland	homogeneous mixture of descendants of Norse and Celts 94%, population of foreign origin 6%


India	Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)


Indonesia	Javanese 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Betawi 2.4%, Bugis 2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar 1.7%, other or unspecified 29.9% (2000 census)


Iran	Persian 61%, Azeri 16%, Kurd 10%, Lur 6%, Baloch 2%, Arab 2%, Turkmen and Turkic tribes 2%, other 1%


Iraq	Arab 75%-80%, Kurdish 15%-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5%


Ireland	Irish 87.4%, other white 7.5%, Asian 1.3%, black 1.1%, mixed 1.1%, unspecified 1.6% (2006 census)


Isle of Man	Manx (Norse-Celtic descent), Britons


Israel	Jewish 76.4% (of which Israel-born 67.1%, Europe/America-born 22.6%, Africa-born 5.9%, Asia-born 4.2%), non-Jewish 23.6% (mostly Arab) (2004)


Italy	Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south)


Jamaica	black 91.2%, mixed 6.2%, other or unknown 2.6% (2001 census)


Japan	Japanese 98.5%, Koreans 0.5%, Chinese 0.4%, other 0.6% note: up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil (2004)


Jersey	Jersey 51.1%, Britons 34.8%, Irish, French, and other white 6.6%, Portuguese/Madeiran 6.4%, other 1.1% (2001 census)


Jordan	Arab 98%, Circassian 1%, Armenian 1%


Kazakhstan	Kazakh (Qazaq) 63.1%, Russian 23.7%, Uzbek 2.8%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Uighur 1.4%, Tatar 1.3%, German 1.1%, other 4.5% (1999 census)


Kenya	Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1%


Kiribati	Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census)


Korea, North	racially homogeneous; there is a small Chinese community and a few ethnic Japanese


Korea, South	homogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)


Kosovo	Albanians 92%, other (Serb, Bosniak, Gorani, Roma, Turk, Ashkali, Egyptian) 8% (2008)


Kuwait	Kuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7%


Kyrgyzstan	Kyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Russian 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uighur 1%, other 5.7% (1999 census)


Laos	Lao 55%, Khmou 11%, Hmong 8%, other (over 100 minor ethnic groups) 26% (2005 census)


Latvia	Latvian 59.3%, Russian 27.8%, Belarusian 3.6%, Ukrainian 2.5%, Polish 2.4%, Lithuanian 1.3%, other 3.1% (2009)


Lebanon	Arab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1% note: many Christian Lebanese do not identify themselves as Arab but rather as descendents of the ancient Canaanites and prefer to be called Phoenicians


Lesotho	Sotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,


Liberia	Kpelle 20.3%, Bassa 13.4%, Grebo 10%, Gio 8%, Mano 7.9%, Kru 6%, Lorma 5.1%, Kissi 4.8%, Gola 4.4%, other 20.1% (2008 Census)


Libya	Berber and Arab 97%, other 3% (includes Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, and Tunisians)


Liechtenstein	Liechtensteiner 65.6%, other 34.4% (2000 census)


Lithuania	Lithuanian 84%, Polish 6.1%, Russian 4.9%, Belarusian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.9% (2009)


Luxembourg	Luxembourger 63.1%, Portuguese 13.3%, French 4.5%, Italian 4.3%, German 2.3%, other EU 7.3%, other 5.2% (2000 census)


Macau	Chinese 94.3%, other 5.7% (includes Macanese - mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry) (2006 census)


Macedonia	Macedonian 64.2%, Albanian 25.2%, Turkish 3.9%, Roma (Gypsy) 2.7%, Serb 1.8%, other 2.2% (2002 census)


Madagascar	Malayo-Indonesian (Merina and related Betsileo), Cotiers (mixed African, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry - Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Antaisaka, Sakalava), French, Indian, Creole, Comoran


Malawi	Chewa 32.6%, Lomwe 17.6%, Yao 13.5%, Ngoni 11.5%, Tumbuka 8.8%, Nyanja 5.8%, Sena 3.6%, Tonga 2.1%, Ngonde 1%, other 3.5%


Malaysia	Malay 50.4%, Chinese 23.7%, indigenous 11%, Indian 7.1%, others 7.8% (2004 est.)


Maldives	South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs


Mali	Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%


Malta	Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)


Marshall Islands	Marshallese 92.1%, mixed Marshallese 5.9%, other 2% (2006)


Mauritania	mixed Moor/black 40%, Moor 30%, black 30%


Mauritius	Indo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2%


Mexico	mestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 60%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian 30%, white 9%, other 1%


Micronesia, Federated States of	Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census)


Moldova	Moldovan/Romanian 78.2%, Ukrainian 8.4%, Russian 5.8%, Gagauz 4.4%, Bulgarian 1.9%, other 1.3% (2004 census) note: internal disputes with ethnic Slavs in the Transnistrian region


Monaco	French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%


Mongolia	Mongol (mostly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (mostly Kazakh) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)


Montenegro	Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma (Gypsy)) 12% (2003 census)


Montserrat	black, white


Morocco	Arab-Berber 99%, other 1%


Mozambique	African 99.66% (Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%


Namibia	black 87.5%, white 6%, mixed 6.5% note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups include Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%


Nauru	Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%


Nepal	Chhettri 15.5%, Brahman-Hill 12.5%, Magar 7%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.5%, Newar 5.4%, Muslim 4.2%, Kami 3.9%, Yadav 3.9%, other 32.7%, unspecified 2.8% (2001 census)


Netherlands	Dutch 80.7%, EU 5%, Indonesian 2.4%, Turkish 2.2%, Surinamese 2%, Moroccan 2%, Caribbean 0.8%, other 4.8% (2008 est.)


New Caledonia	Melanesian 44.1%, European 34.1%, Wallisian & Futunian 9%, Tahitian 2.6%, Indonesian 2.5%, Vietnamese 1.4%, Ni-Vanuatu 1.1%, other 5.2% (1996 census)


New Zealand	European 56.8%, Asian 8%, Maori 7.4%, Pacific islander 4.6%, mixed 9.7%, other 13.5% (2006 Census)


Nicaragua	mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 69%, white 17%, black 9%, Amerindian 5%


Niger	Haoussa 55.4%, Djerma Sonrai 21%, Tuareg 9.3%, Peuhl 8.5%, Kanouri Manga 4.7%, other 1.2% (2001 census)


Nigeria	Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%


Niue	Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census)


Norfolk Island	descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesian


Northern Mariana Islands	Asian 56.3%, Pacific islander 36.3%, Caucasian 1.8%, other 0.8%, mixed 4.8% (2000 census)


Norway	Norwegian 94.4% (includes Sami, about 60,000), other European 3.6%, other 2% (2007 estimate)


Oman	Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African


Pakistan	Punjabi 44.68%, Pashtun (Pathan) 15.42%, Sindhi 14.1%, Sariaki 8.38%, Muhajirs 7.57%, Balochi 3.57%, other 6.28%


Palau	Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 69.9%, Filipino 15.3%, Chinese 4.9%, other Asian 2.4%, white 1.9%, Carolinian 1.4%, other Micronesian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.2% (2000 census)


Panama	mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 70%, Amerindian and mixed (West Indian) 14%, white 10%, Amerindian 6%


Papua New Guinea	Melanesian, Papuan, Negrito, Micronesian, Polynesian


Paraguay	mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%, other 5%


Peru	Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3%


Philippines	Tagalog 28.1%, Cebuano 13.1%, Ilocano 9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%, Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%, Bikol 6%, Waray 3.4%, other 25.3% (2000 census)


Pitcairn Islands	descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian wives


Poland	Polish 96.7%, German 0.4%, Belarusian 0.1%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 2.7% (2002 census)


Portugal	homogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal


Puerto Rico	white (mostly Spanish origin) 76.2%, black 6.9%, Asian 0.3%, Amerindian 0.2%, mixed 4.4%, other 12% (2007)


Qatar	Arab 40%, Indian 18%, Pakistani 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%


Romania	Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002 census)


Russia	Russian 79.8%, Tatar 3.8%, Ukrainian 2%, Bashkir 1.2%, Chuvash 1.1%, other or unspecified 12.1% (2002 census)


Rwanda	Hutu (Bantu) 84%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 15%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%


Saint Barthelemy	white, Creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia)


Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha	African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%


Saint Kitts and Nevis	predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese


Saint Lucia	black 82.5%, mixed 11.9%, East Indian 2.4%, other or unspecified 3.1% (2001 census)


Saint Martin	Creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian


Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)


Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, European 4%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 3%


Samoa	Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians (persons of European and Polynesian blood) 7%, Europeans 0.4% (2001 census)


San Marino	Sammarinese, Italian


Sao Tome and Principe	mestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)


Saudi Arabia	Arab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%


Senegal	Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%


Serbia	Serb 82.9%, Hungarian 3.9%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.4%, Yugoslavs 1.1%, Bosniaks 1.8%, Montenegrin 0.9%, other 8% (2002 census)


Seychelles	mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab


Sierra Leone	Temne 35%, Mende 31%, Limba 8%, Kono 5%, Kriole 2% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century; also known as Krio), Mandingo 2%, Loko 2%, other 15% (includes refugees from Liberia's recent civil war, and small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians) (2008 census)


Singapore	Chinese 76.8%, Malay 13.9%, Indian 7.9%, other 1.4% (2000 census)


Slovakia	Slovak 85.8%, Hungarian 9.7%, Roma 1.7%, Ruthenian/Ukrainian 1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)


Slovenia	Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 census)


Solomon Islands	Melanesian 94.5%, Polynesian 3%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 0.2% (1999 census)


Somalia	Somali 85%, Bantu and other non-Somali 15% (including 30,000 Arabs)


South Africa	black African 79%, white 9.6%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5% (2001 census)


South Sudan	Dinka, Kakwa, Bari, Azande, Shilluk, Kuku, Murle, Mandari, Didinga, Ndogo, Bviri, Lndi, Anuak, Bongo, Lango, Dungotona, Acholi


Spain	composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types


Sri Lanka	Sinhalese 73.8%, Sri Lankan Moors 7.2%, Indian Tamil 4.6%, Sri Lankan Tamil 3.9%, other 0.5%, unspecified 10% (2001 census provisional data)


Sudan	Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata


Suriname	Hindustani (also known locally as "East Indians"; their ancestors emigrated from northern India in the latter part of the 19th century) 37%, Creole (mixed white and black) 31%, Javanese 15%, "Maroons" (their African ancestors were brought to the country in the 17th and 18th centuries as slaves and escaped to the interior) 10%, Amerindian 2%, Chinese 2%, white 1%, other 2%


Svalbard	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)


Swaziland	African 97%, European 3%


Sweden	indigenous population: Swedes with Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks


Switzerland	German 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6%


Syria	Arab 90.3%, Kurds, Armenians, and other 9.7%


Taiwan	Taiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, indigenous 2%


Tajikistan	Tajik 79.9%, Uzbek 15.3%, Russian 1.1%, Kyrgyz 1.1%, other 2.6% (2000 census)


Tanzania	mainland - African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African


Thailand	Thai 75%, Chinese 14%, other 11%


Timor-Leste	Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority


Togo	African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%


Tokelau	Polynesian


Tonga	Polynesian, Europeans


Trinidad and Tobago	Indian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census)


Tunisia	Arab 98%, European 1%, Jewish and other 1%


Turkey	Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 18%, other minorities 7-12% (2008 est.)


Turkmenistan	Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003)


Turks and Caicos Islands	black 87.6%, white 7.9%, mixed 2.5%, East Indian 1.3%, other 0.7%


Tuvalu	Polynesian 96%, Micronesian 4%


Uganda	Baganda 16.9%, Banyakole 9.5%, Basoga 8.4%, Bakiga 6.9%, Iteso 6.4%, Langi 6.1%, Acholi 4.7%, Bagisu 4.6%, Lugbara 4.2%, Bunyoro 2.7%, other 29.6% (2002 census)


Ukraine	Ukrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 census)


United Arab Emirates	Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982) note: less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)


United Kingdom	white (of which English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%, Northern Irish 2.9%) 92.1%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001 census)

United States

white 79.96%, black 12.85%, Asian 4.43%, Amerindian and Alaska native 0.97%, native Hawaiian and other Pacific islander 0.18%, two or more races 1.61% (July 2007 estimate)
note: a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean persons of Spanish/Hispanic/Latino origin including those of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican Republic, Spanish, and Central or South American origin living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (white, black, Asian, etc.); about 15.1% of the total US population is Hispanic


Uruguay	white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian (practically nonexistent)


Uzbekistan	Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.)


Vanuatu	Ni-Vanuatu 98.5%, other 1.5% (1999 Census)


Venezuela	Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, indigenous people


Vietnam	Kinh (Viet) 85.7%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.8%, Muong 1.5%, Khmer 1.5%, Mong 1.2%, Nung 1.1%, others 5.3% (1999 census)


Virgin Islands	black 76.2%, white 13.1%, Asian 1.1%, other 6.1%, mixed 3.5% (2000 census)


Wallis and Futuna	Polynesian


West Bank	Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%


Western Sahara	Arab, Berber


Yemen	predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans


Zambia	African 99.5% (includes Bemba, Tonga, Chewa, Lozi, Nsenga, Tumbuka, Ngoni, Lala, Kaonde, Lunda, and other African groups), other 0.5% (includes Europeans, Asians, and Americans) (2000 Census)


Zimbabwe	African 98% (Shona 82%, Ndebele 14%, other 2%), mixed and Asian 1%, white less than 1%

The online Factbook is updated weekly. ISSN 1553-8133
For additional information on government leaders in selected foreign countries, go to World Leaders.